Neuropathic pain is pain that arises due to damage or disorders in the nervous system.

The primary cause is either direct damage to nerves or the disruption of mechanisms responsible for nerve transmission due to an underlying condition. Conditions such as diabetes, traumatic nerve injury, spinal cord injuries, infections (e.g., shingles), neurological diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis), tumors, or certain medication side effects can lead to neuropathic pain.

Symptoms typically manifest as severe pain described as burning, stabbing, tingling, numbness, prickling, or electric shock-like sensations. Neuropathic pain often does not respond well to conventional pain relievers and significantly affects the individual's quality of life.

Treatment approaches may include medications (e.g., antidepressants, anticonvulsants), neurostimulation (using devices to stimulate nerve roots or the spinal cord), some sympathetic nerve blocks performed using radiofrequency or neurolytic medications, physical therapy, and psychological counseling. The treatment plan is often tailored to the individual, and one or more methods may be used in combination.