The carpal tunnel is a canal located on the inner side of the wrist, formed by bones and connective tissue. This canal houses the median nerve, responsible for providing sensation to the hand and fingers.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition that manifests with pain, numbness, tingling, burning, and weakness, resulting from the compression of the median nerve within the canal.

Symptoms are often more pronounced at night or in the early morning hours. Compression occurs due to repetitive movements and prolonged use of the wrist. Additionally, factors such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, hormonal changes, pregnancy, obesity, wrist fractures, or trauma can increase the risk.

Diagnosis is based on the patient's symptoms, and electromyography (EMG) testing can confirm the diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome are crucial, as untreated cases can lead to permanent nerve damage.

Treatment options include rest, wrist splints, anti-inflammatory medications, and corticosteroid injections into the affected area. In advanced cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.